Una educación a distancia de calidad en la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras
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Medina Ríos, Mínelson
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En esta investigación, mediante un diseño de estudio de caso integrado, se analizó el desarrollo de la Educación a Distancia (EaD) en la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras (UPR-RP). Se revisaron documentos, políticas y normativas institucionales, así como fuentes de referencia relevantes. Se llevaron a cabo 31 entrevistas a personas de cuatro grupos de interés en la UPR-RP: personas en puestos gerenciales, profesorado, personal de apoyo y estudiantado. Los hallazgos revelaron disonancias entre el contenido de documentos, políticas y normativas institucionales y la práctica en cuatro áreas:
Definición de la EaD
Originalmente, la UPR-RP estipuló que la EaD es una “metodología”. Luego la etiqueta como "modalidad" logística, aunque la sigue describiendo como metodología. Esta ambigüedad genera inconformidad entre quienes anteponen el quehacer educativo al administrativo. Para organizaciones internacionales y fuentes de referencia, la EaD es una metodología formal de enseñanza-aprendizaje, caracterizada por la separación física y una interacción regular y sustantiva.
Calidad y Evaluación
Existe un choque entre el cumplimiento de las disposiciones de las certificaciones institucionales y la realidad académica. Mientras la UPR-RP destaca la calidad mediante la uniformidad burocrática y las exigencias externas, los grupos de interés priorizan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. No obstante, los hallazgos muestran que la EaD opera sin supervisión, evaluación y transparencia suficientes.
Propósito de la EaD
Se constata una dualidad de propósitos de la EaD. Mientras el discurso institucional la idealiza como una vía para la democratización y el acceso, la comunidad universitaria percibe su pragmatismo económico, destinado a generar ingresos ante la crisis fiscal. Aunque la EaD conserva su mandato académico y social, ha mutado en una industria de servicios y una herramienta financiera para la supervivencia universitaria.
Perfil estudiantil y creación de programas
El perfil del estudiantado de EaD en la UPR-RP dibuja a una persona adulta que trabaja, caracterizada por la necesidad de flexibilidad y utilidad práctica de los estudios. Sin embargo, los programas académicos de EaD que se han aprobado se justifican de manera informal, a base de intuiciones, sin estudios de mercado o de viabilidad. Esto reta las expectativas de éxito y la retención del estudiantado, que dependen de un diseño instruccional adaptado a un estudiantado no tradicional, respaldado por estudios de mercado que aseguren la pertinencia académica y laboral.
This research, using an embedded case study design, analyzed the development of Distance Education (EaD) at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus (UPR-RP). Institutional documents, policies, and norms, as well as relevant reference sources, were reviewed. Thirty-one interviews were conducted with individuals from four stakeholder groups at UPR-RP: management, faculty, support staff, and students. The findings revealed discrepancies between the content of institutional documents, policies, and norms and practice in four areas: Definition of EaD Originally, UPR-RP stipulated that EaD is a “methodology.” Later, it labeled it a logistical “modality,” although it continues to describe it as a methodology. This ambiguity generates dissatisfaction among those who prioritize educational over administrative matters. For international organizations and reference sources, EaD is a formal teaching and learning methodology, characterized by physical separation and regular, substantive interaction. Quality and Evaluation There is a clash between compliance with institutional certification requirements and academic reality. While the UPR-RP emphasizes quality through bureaucratic uniformity and external demands, stakeholders prioritize the teaching and learning process. However, the findings show that distance education operates without sufficient oversight, evaluation, and transparency. Purpose of Distance Education Duality for the purposes of distance education is evident. While institutional discourse idealizes it as a path to democratization and access, the university community perceives its economic pragmatism, aimed at generating income in the face of the fiscal crisis. Although distance education retains its academic and social mandate, it has mutated into a service industry and a financial tool for university survival. Student Profile and Program Creation The profile of distance education students at the UPR-RP depicts a working adult, characterized by the need for flexibility and practical application of their studies. However, the distance learning programs that have been approved are justified informally, based on intuition, without market or feasibility studies. This challenges expectations of success and student retention, which depend on instructional design adapted to a non-traditional student body, supported by market research that ensures academic and professional relevance.
This research, using an embedded case study design, analyzed the development of Distance Education (EaD) at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus (UPR-RP). Institutional documents, policies, and norms, as well as relevant reference sources, were reviewed. Thirty-one interviews were conducted with individuals from four stakeholder groups at UPR-RP: management, faculty, support staff, and students. The findings revealed discrepancies between the content of institutional documents, policies, and norms and practice in four areas: Definition of EaD Originally, UPR-RP stipulated that EaD is a “methodology.” Later, it labeled it a logistical “modality,” although it continues to describe it as a methodology. This ambiguity generates dissatisfaction among those who prioritize educational over administrative matters. For international organizations and reference sources, EaD is a formal teaching and learning methodology, characterized by physical separation and regular, substantive interaction. Quality and Evaluation There is a clash between compliance with institutional certification requirements and academic reality. While the UPR-RP emphasizes quality through bureaucratic uniformity and external demands, stakeholders prioritize the teaching and learning process. However, the findings show that distance education operates without sufficient oversight, evaluation, and transparency. Purpose of Distance Education Duality for the purposes of distance education is evident. While institutional discourse idealizes it as a path to democratization and access, the university community perceives its economic pragmatism, aimed at generating income in the face of the fiscal crisis. Although distance education retains its academic and social mandate, it has mutated into a service industry and a financial tool for university survival. Student Profile and Program Creation The profile of distance education students at the UPR-RP depicts a working adult, characterized by the need for flexibility and practical application of their studies. However, the distance learning programs that have been approved are justified informally, based on intuition, without market or feasibility studies. This challenges expectations of success and student retention, which depend on instructional design adapted to a non-traditional student body, supported by market research that ensures academic and professional relevance.
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(c) 2026 Mínelson Medina Ríos
