Diseñando para gobernar: la gubernamentalidad en la vivienda pública y la vivienda de ingresos mixtos en Puerto Rico
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Maldonado Arroyo, Esteban A.
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En este esfuerzo investigativo, estudiamos la actualidad de la vivienda asequible bajo el lente de la gubernamentalidad. Sostengo que la misma está sufriendo irritaciones y cambios importantes provocados por el surgimiento de la vivienda de ingresos mixtos en Puerto Rico. La investigación se centra en indagar hasta qué punto todo lo que está aconteciendo con el diseño y manejo de la vivienda pública y la vivienda de ingresos mixtos en Puerto Rico es acomodable a las coordenadas operativas de la sociedad disciplinaria según descrita por Foucault y otros estudiosos. Revisamos la política pública y normativa asociada a ambas articulaciones de vivienda asequible, y llevamos a cabo entrevistas abiertas a miembros de las comunidades y administraciones de cada modalidad. También se llevó a cabo una comparación cualitativa entre cada forma de esta beneficencia. Encontramos una serie de técnicas empleadas para impactar las subjetividades de manera individualizada entre las que destaco la elegibilidad, verificación, normativa de ocupación continuada, inspecciones, y mediación en la obtención de otros servicios públicos. A través de estas, se incorporan o rechazan, miden, normalizan, vigilan, y potencian a las subjetividades. Ambas modalidades de vivienda asequible estudiadas comparten estas técnicas, pero se encontró que la modalidad de vivienda de ingresos mixtos tiende a ser más severa en la aplicación de estas.
In this investigative effort, we studied the current affairs of affordable housing through the lens of governmentality. I maintain that it is undergoing important changes caused by the emergence of mixed-income housing in Puerto Rico. The study focuses on investigating to what extent everything that is happening with the design and management of public housing and mixed-income housing is compatible with the operative coordinates of disciplinary societies as described by Foucault and other scholars. We examined public policy and regulations associated to both articulations of affordable housing, as well as conducted open interviews with members of the communities and administrations of each modality. Furthermore, performed a qualitative comparison between each iteration of this form of welfare. We found a series of techniques used to impact the subjectivities in an individualized way, from which I highlight eligibility, verification, norms of continued occupancy, inspections, and mediation in the search for other forms of welfare. Through these, subjectivities are incorporated or rejected, measured, normalized, surveilled, and potentiated. Both forms of affordable housing share these techniques, but we found that mixed-income housing tended to be more strict in their application.
In this investigative effort, we studied the current affairs of affordable housing through the lens of governmentality. I maintain that it is undergoing important changes caused by the emergence of mixed-income housing in Puerto Rico. The study focuses on investigating to what extent everything that is happening with the design and management of public housing and mixed-income housing is compatible with the operative coordinates of disciplinary societies as described by Foucault and other scholars. We examined public policy and regulations associated to both articulations of affordable housing, as well as conducted open interviews with members of the communities and administrations of each modality. Furthermore, performed a qualitative comparison between each iteration of this form of welfare. We found a series of techniques used to impact the subjectivities in an individualized way, from which I highlight eligibility, verification, norms of continued occupancy, inspections, and mediation in the search for other forms of welfare. Through these, subjectivities are incorporated or rejected, measured, normalized, surveilled, and potentiated. Both forms of affordable housing share these techniques, but we found that mixed-income housing tended to be more strict in their application.
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